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ISA rules leave seabed mining stuck without benefit sharing...
31 Dec, 2025 08:36 217 min read
The International Seabed Authority (ISA) cannot legally approve deep seabed mining until it establishes clear rules for sharing the financial and economic benefits derived from these activities, a core obligation under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). While much attention has focused on finalizing mining exploitation regulations, legal experts emphasize that distinct benefit-sharing regulations—which remain undeveloped—are a prerequisite for any commercial extraction. Over 40 countries now support a moratorium due to environmental and governance concerns. The delay reflects broader geopolitical and ethical debates about equity, as African states and others insist that mining must demonstrably benefit all of humanity, not just corporations or wealthy nations.... More